Conversation No. 93-1

Date:  February 29, 1972
Time:  12:02 pm - 1:20 pm
Location:  Cabinet Room

The President met with William P. Rogers, John B. Connally, Melvin R. Laird, John N. Mitchell, Rogers C. B. Morton, J. Philip Campbell, Peter G. Peterson, James D. Hodgson, Elliot L. Richardson, George W. Romney, John A. Volpe, David M. Kennedy, George P. Shultz, George H. W. Bush, H. R. (ABob@) Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman, Henry A. Kissinger, Peter M. Flanigan, Clark MacGregor, Dr. Edward E. David, Jr., Herbert G. Klein, Raymond K. Price, Jr., Ronald L. Ziegler, Alexander P. Butterfield, John A. Scali, Harry S. Dent, Frederic V. Malek, William L. Safire, Charles W. Colson, General Alexander M. Haig, Jr., Robert J. Brown, Dwight L. Chapin, Virginia H. Knauer, Rose Mary Woods, John A. Hannah, Richard M. Helms, Frank J. Shakespeare, Herbert Stein, Caspar W. (ACap@) Weinberger, Maurice H. Stans, and Arthur J. Sohmer; the White House photographer was present at the beginning of the meeting

	[General conversation/Unintelligible]

	[Applause]

	Picture of group

	Presentation of gifts by President

	[General conversation/Unintelligible]

	Presentation of gifts by President

	Refreshments

	People=s Republic of China [PRC] trip
		-Expression of appreciation
		-Chou En-lai
		-President=s February 28th speech
		-Communique
		-Establishing relations with PRC
			-Getting acquainted
			-Understanding differences
			-Common ground
				-Importance of personal contact
				-Compared to President
			-Mao Tse-tung
			-Different points of view
			-Chou En-lai
				-Time spent together
					-Meetings
						-Style
						-Kissinger
					-Compared to other world leaders
						-Winston S. Churchill
						-Konrad Adenauer
						-General Charles A. J. M. de Gaulle
						-Jawaharlal Nehru
				-Knowledge of subjects
					-Presidents
					-United States
					-History
			-View of world
				-Philosophical
				-Meeting compared to other world leaders
				-Indian Subcontinent, Vietnam, Japan, Korea, Taiwan
				-Issues
					-Style of discussion
						-Private conversations
				-Communist view
				-World view
			-Controversial issues
				-Style of speaking
		-Relations between PRC and US
			-Communique
				-Use of force
			-Asia
			-Trade
			-Culture
			-Peaceful settlements of disputes
			-Past wars involving US and PRC
		-Possible statements
			-By Peking radio
			-By Congressional leaders
			-In United Nations
			-Communist versus non-Communist nation
		-Chinese
			-Soviets
		-United States
			-Wealth
			-Problems
			-Leader class
			-Compared to
			-Chinese and Soviet
			-February 28 speech
			-Common interests with PRC
				-War prevention
				-Independence
		-Chances for peace in the Pacific

	PRC trip

	Chinese way of life
		-Dedication
		-Discipline
		-Freedom in United States
		-Chinese people
		-Leadership
			-Chou En-lai
				-Journalism
				-Way of thinking
				-Views on youth
				-Questions and Answers during meetings
		-Peace
		-Success of visit
			-Talk sessions
				-Compared with Soviets
			-Patricia R. (APat@) Nixon=s role

	PRC and US relations
		-Trip
			-Content of communique
			-Policy of US and China
			-Impact of the two societies upon each other
		-Contrast between societies
		-Compared with Eastern Europe
		-Chinese Communists
			-The Long March
			-Motivation of Communists
				-Convictions
				-Living for the future
			-Judged by different standards
				-Peace versus justice
				-Compromise versus principal
				-Stability versus struggle
		-The communique
			-Importance
			-US view
		-Published in PRC
		-Chinese view
			-Taiwan
			-Vietnam, Korea
		-Signing with the US
		-Five principles
			-Trade and cultural exchanges
				-Diplomatic exchanges
				-Ping-pong players
			-Nixon Doctrine
			-Chinese ideology
			-Separation of US and China over the years
				-Meeting and talking
				-Plans for the future
				-Reliability of US
				-Differences
				-President=s meeting with Chou En-lai
					-Question of trust
					-US presence in the Pacific
		-Chinese society
			-Material status
			-Moral status
		-Establishment of communication
			-Expectations of all involved

	United States and PRC
		-Wealth, power, and purpose
		-Strength of peoples
		-Belief in their own systems
		-Personal relationships
		-Revolutions and accomplishments
			-PRC questions about US

	Effects of PRC trip
		-Political
		-Effect on foreign policy
			-Nixon Doctrine
				-Laird
			-Chinese people
				-Taiwan compared to PRC
				-Russian, Yugoslavian, Hungarian, and Chinese Communism
					-[Arnold] Eric Sevareid
				-Differences from Americans
			-PRC aims
				-Russia, India, Japan
				-US relations
				-Reasons for President=s trip
					-Computers

	Swearing-in ceremony

	[Applause]

	[General conversation/Unintelligible]

The President, et al. left at 1:20 pm

Conversation No. 93-2

Date:  March 6, 1972
Time:  10:30 am - 11:43 am
Location:  Cabinet Room

The President met with members of the Cabinet Committee on Education:  L[ouis] Patrick Gray, III, Elliot L. Richardson, George P. Shultz, Kenneth W. Dam, Paul H. O=Neill, John D. Ehrlichman, Edward L. Morgan, James Clawson, Clark MacGregor, and Ronald L. Ziegler
[Recording begins while the conversation is in progress]

	Education in the United States
		-Black leadership
			-Desegregation
				-Memoranda
			-Meeting
		-Shultz
		-Constitutional issues
			-Desegregation
			-Office of Legal Counsel
				-Moratorium on busing
				-Constitutional committee
				-President=s contribution
			-Compensatory quality of education
			-John B. Connally
				-Catholic education
					-Comparison to black education
						-Low income groups
						-Taxation
		-Quality of education
			-Bilingualism
				-Department of Health, Education, and Welfare [HEW] program
				-Civil Rights Act, Title 6
					-Discriminatory
						-Spanish-speaking backgrounds
				-Emergency School Aid Act
					-Equalize education
						-Inner city schools
			-Financing
			-Memoranda
			-Legislation
				-Compensatory effort
			-District equalization
		-State of the Union
		-Private schools
			-Tax credit
				-Timing
			-Legislation
			-Transportation
			-Moratorium on busing
				-Bilingual education
				-Constitutionality of
			-Financing
				-District
				-Transfers and receiving schools
					-Catholic schools
						-Questions
				-School aid funds
					-Budget
					-Monies per child
						-Eligibility requirements
						-Formula
						-Remedies for busing
							-Limits
							-Mileage
							-Difficulties involved
			-Policy issues
				-Constitutional amendment
					-Drafts
				-Moratorium form
			-Financing
				-Rationale
			-Responsibilities
			-Black education
				-George C. Wallace [?]
				-[Forename unknown] Jackson
				-Democrats
			-Civil rights establishment
				-Responsibility
				-Politics
				-Black leaders document
				-Supreme Court Justices
					-Potter Stewart
			-Constitutional amendment
				-Senate
				-Issue versus action
			-President=s memorandum
			-Raymond K. Price, Jr.
			-Political
			-Busing
				-Inferior education
		-School integration
			-Liberals
				-Right versus wrong
		-Richardson
			-Busing
			-Excessive transportation
			-Equality of education
		-Black attitudes
			-Desegregation
			-Black appointees
				-Street reactions
			-Courts
			-Congress
				-Republicans
				-Democrats
			-Memorandum
			-Shultz
			-Vote
			-Ethnic groups
			-Italian vote
			-Black vote
				-Inferior education
			-Black establishment
				-William Raspberry [?]
				-Urban League
				-Roy E. A. Innis
					-Desegregation
					-White versus black education
						-Inferior versus superior education
							-Teaching standards
							-Environment
								-Busing

	President=s schedule

Dana G. Mead, Samuel C. Jackson, William H. Brown, III, Norman B. Houston, and Samuel J. Simmons entered at 11:05 am

	[General conversation/Unintelligible]

	Picture

	Memorandum on education in the United States
		-Busing and desegregation
			-Approach to
			-Rationalization
			-Analysis
		-Committee
			-Meeting
				-Time
			-White House staff members
		-Quality of education
			-Authority
			-Recommendation
			-Politics
			-Neighborhood school
				-Definition
			-Segregation
			-Rural areas
			-Transportation
				-Inferior education
			-Public information
			-Transportation problems
				-Issues
				-Agreements
			-Extremists
				-Busing
					-Race
			-Price
				-Draft
				-Busing
					-Segregation
			-School systems
				-Hardship of busing
				-Quality of education
			-Housing
			-Jobs
			-Lack of remedies
			-Environment
				-Blacks
			-Safety of children
				-Police
				-Upgrading communities
					-Inferior schools
						-Social ills
		-Upgrading rural schools
		-Ghetto schools
		-Quality education
			-Codeword
			-Integration
			-Ratio of students to teachers
			-Financial factors
				-Teachers= salaries
				-Equipment costs
			-Busing
			-Classrooms
			-Good teachers
			-Law and order
		-California and Ohio
			-Communities
				-Leadership in housing options
					-Minorities
					-Low income
				-Impact on education
			-Federal government
				-Provide encouragement
				-Provide assistance
				-Fair share
		-Quality of teachers
			-Tenure policies
			-Accountability
		-Quality education
			-Poor children
		-Richardson
			-Beyond segregation
			-School system
				-Responsibility
		-Robert J. Brown
		-President=s appreciation of Council=s work
		-Black vote
		-White vote
		-Price
		-Howard H. Baker, Jr.
		-William E. Brock, III
		-Approaches to busing issue
			-Left and right
				-Satisfaction
			-President=s proposals
				-Politics
				-Options
				-Leadership responsibility
					-Quality education
					-Desegregation education
				-Constitutional amendment
					-Black leadership
						-Satisfaction
		-Busing issue
			-Controversial
			-Difficult
		-Dual school system
			-Southern states
			-Brown v. Board of Education
				-President=s administration
					-Perspective
				-Black leadership
					-Responsibility
				-Courage of leaders
				-Brown [?]
			-Roy Wilkins
				-John G. Tower
				-Baker
				-Robert Bishop
				-Wallace
				-Constitutional amendment
		-Political reality
		-Scott-Mansfield amendment
			-Citizens committee
				-Positive approach

Stephen B. Bull entered at an unknown time after 11:05 am

	President=s schedule
		-Camp David
		-Proposals
			-Timing
			-Leadership

	Wallace

	Henry M. (AScoop@) Jackson [?]

	Hubert H. Humphrey

	Governors

	Education
		-California
			-Spanish-speaking students
			-Leadership
			-Positive solution
		-Constitutional amendment
			-Wire story
			-Options
			-MacGregor

	[General conversation/Unintelligible]

The President, et al. left at 11:43 am

Conversation No. 93-3

Date:  March 6, 1972
Time:  11:46 am - 12:27 pm
Location:  Cabinet Room

The President met with Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, John B. Connally, Elliot L. Richardson, Dr. Sidney P. Marland, Jr., John D. Ehrlichman, Roy D. Morey, Lewis A. Engman, Edward L. Morgan, Ronald L. Ziegler, Mary T. Brooks, William G. Colman, Hilda A. Davis, John H. Fischer, Dorothy M. L. Ford, Norman Francis, Eugene Gonzales, David H. Kurtzman, Reverend William E. McManus, Duane J. Matthies, Wendell H. Pierce, William G. Saltonstall, William B. Thompson, Ivan E. Zylstra, Norman Karsh, and Clint Pace

	Greetings

	McManus

	Final report of the President=s Commission on School Finance
		-Work of Commission
			-Richardson, Marland
			-Type of research
			-Quantity vs. quality of report
		-Recommendations
			-Schools and citizens of community
			-Funds allocated
				-Responsibility of states
				-Federal government=s responsibility
				-School districts
		-Urban Blacks
			-Inner city schools
				-Funding
					-State government
					-Federal government
						-Experimentation
		-Day care centers
			-Four year old children
				-Daniel P. (APat@) Moynihan statement
				-Classroom education
				-Home education
					-Quality
		-Non-public schools
			-Constitutionality
			-Transportation
			-Tuition
				-Tax deductions
					-Constitutionality
				-Reimbursements
			-Catholic schools
				-Role of Church
				-Studies conducted
				-Availability of funds
		-School districts
			-Reorganization
			-Diverse economic groups and races
			-Quality of educational opportunities
				-Social, economic, and racial improvements
			-Busing issue
				-Transportation vs. quality education
				-Brown v. Board of Education
			-Child=s right to education
				-Quality of nearby school
					-Rural areas
			-Teachers= salaries
				-Regional differences
					-Nelson A. Rockefeller
					-Factors other than money
						-Fee per student
					-City compared to rural areas within a state
					-Cost of education index
						-Texas
						-Maryland
						-California
						-Individual districts
					-Percentages
			-Elementary-Secondary Education Act of 1965
				-Local financing
			-Maryland
				-Graduated income tax
					-Need
						-Cities and counties
							-Public safety
							-Public education
						-Baltimore City
						-Montgomery County
			-Court decisions
				-State
					-Local enrichment
			-Equal funding
				-Cost of education index
				-Percentages
					-Desirability
			-National debate
				-Districts
					-Leveling off
						-Cost

	President=s appreciation for panel=s work
		-Schools= need for money
		-Interest
		-Connally
		-Congress
			-Workload
			-Tax reform possibilities
		-Pierce
		-Fischer
		-Karsh [Executive Director]
		-Saltonstall
		-Quality of panel members
		-Opportunity
		-Result of quality education

	[General conversation/Unintelligible]

[Recording ends while the conversation is in progress]

The President, et al. left at 12:27 pm